Saturday 2 February 2013

Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX)/USA PATRIOT Act/Basel II

orporate governance practices. It applies to all companies, whose shares are listed on the stock exchanges under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The Sarbanes-Oxley Act is designed to review dated legislative audit requirements to protect investors by improving the accuracy and reliability of corporate disclosures, covering issues such as establishing a public company accounting oversight board, corporate responsibility, auditor independence, and enhanced financial disclosure. It is also known as the Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act of 2002
The USA PATRIOT Act (The acronym stands for "Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 requires institutions to aggressively pursue money launderers, a practice made simpler by software that can flag suspicious account activities and account holders.
The Basel II is an initiative controlled by the Bank of International Settlements. Banks in the EuroZone are required to implement these rules in 2006. These rules beef up the financial framework of banks to make them more resilient to adverse financial changes in the world markets, and so lessening the risk of financial disasters. Basel II is an international banking agreement intended to improve the safety and soundness of the financial system by aligning capital adequacy assessment more closely with the underlying risks that affect banks. Under the accord, in order to earn the right to keep a minimum amount of operating capital, financial institutions need to store three years of data and model risks using that data.

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